Integrated Management of Septoria Blotches of Wheat: Effects of Stubble Management, Rotation, Nitrogen Level and Variety

Abstract

The influence of rotation, residue management, nitrogen fertilizer levels and varieties on the onset, development and severity of Septoria blotches and kernel weight and yield of wheat was studied at two environments, Ambo and Holetta. One—or tw o -
years rotation of wheat with faba bean and/or ‘gomenzer’ or burning crop residues delayed the onset of Septoria blotches and, consequently, increased wheat yield. The diseases started early on the current crop when stubble from previous season were retained or partially removed. However, the progress of the diseases, once started, was not consistent among the rotation and residue management treatments. Nitrogen fertilizer levels had no effect on Septoria blotches, but higher rate increased wheat yield significantly. Wheat varieties were consistent in their reactions to the onset, progress and severity of Septoria blotches and yields. This suggests that the use of resistant varieties of wheat plays the most important role in the management of Septoria blotches. Although significant interaction among the treatments was not obtained, the results revealed that combining the use of resistant varieties with either faba bean or ‘gomenzer’ rotation greatly reduced the threat of Septoria blotches on wheat production